| 邹艳花,许可葵,李 灿,等.2019年湖南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病与死亡及2015—2019年变化趋势分析[J].中国肿瘤,2023,32(7):483-491. |
| 2019年湖南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病与死亡及2015—2019年变化趋势分析 |
| Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Hunan Cancer Registration Areas in 2019 and Its Trend from 2015 to 2019 |
| 投稿时间：2023-03-08 |
| DOI：10.11735/j.issn.1004-0242.2023.07.A001 |
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| 中文关键词: 肿瘤登记 恶性肿瘤 发病率 死亡率 湖南 |
| 英文关键词:cancer registration cancer incidence mortality Hunan |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要：［目的］ 分析湖南省肿瘤登记地区2019年恶性肿瘤的发病与死亡情况，以及2015—2019年的变化趋势。 ［方法］ 收集2019年湖南省36个肿瘤登记地区上报的恶性肿瘤发病与死亡资料，按照城市与农村、男性与女性分层计算恶性肿瘤的发病与死亡粗率、中标率、世标率、年龄别率和0~74岁累积率。中标率采用2000年全国人口普查的标准人口年龄构成进行计算，世标率采用Segi世界标准人口年龄构成进行计算。［结果］ 2019年湖南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤粗发病率为327.51/10万，中标率为211.19/10万，世标率为205.83/10万，0～74岁累积率为23.19%，男性粗发病率为349.21/10万，女性粗发病率为304.61/10万。城市地区恶性肿瘤粗发病率为397.56/10万，中标率为277.55/10万，世标率为273.56/10万，0～74岁累积率为30.41%；农村地区恶性肿瘤粗发病率为300.96/10万，中标率为191.66/10万，世标率为185.67/10万，0～74岁累积率为20.98%。男性恶性肿瘤发病率排名前5位的依次是肺癌、结直肠癌、肝癌、胃癌和口腔癌。女性恶性肿瘤发病率排名前5位的依次是乳腺癌、肺癌、宫颈癌、结直肠癌和甲状腺癌。2019年湖南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤粗死亡率为168.51/10万，中标率为98.67/10万，世标率为97.90/10万，0～74岁累积率为11.22%，男性粗死亡率为213.14/10万，女性粗死亡率为121.44/10万。城市地区恶性肿瘤粗死亡率为184.89/10万，中标率为121.16/10万，世标率为121.03/10万，0～74岁累积率为13.14%；农村地区恶性肿瘤粗死亡率为162.30/10万，中标率为92.37/10万，世标率为91.27/10万，0～74岁累积率为10.65%。男性恶性肿瘤死亡率排名前5位的依次是肺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、胃癌和食管癌；女性恶性肿瘤死亡率排名前5位的依次是肺癌、结直肠癌、肝癌、乳腺癌和宫颈癌。2015—2019年湖南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤中标发病率、0～74岁累积发病率、35～64岁截缩发病率呈逐渐上升趋势，趋势变化均有统计学意义（P均<0.05），平均每年上升分别为10.7%、9.6%、11.2%。中标死亡率、0～74岁累积死亡率、35～64岁截缩死亡率较为稳定，趋势变化差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05） ［结论］ 肺癌、女性乳腺癌、结直肠癌、宫颈癌、肝癌、胃癌、前列腺癌等是湖南省发病率和死亡率均较高的恶性肿瘤，应作为湖南省重点防范的癌种。甲状腺癌上升到女性发病率的前5位，应和乳腺癌、宫颈癌一样作为女性重点防范的主要癌种，口腔癌位列男性发病率第5位，死亡率第7位，应作为男性重点防范的癌种之一。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract： ［Purpose］ To analyze the cancer incidence and mortality in Hunan cancer registration areas in 2019 and its trend from 2015 to 2019. ［Methods］ The data of cancer new cases and deaths were collected from 36 cancer registries in Hunan Province. After the data were stratified by area and gender， the crude incidence and mortality rate， age-standardized rate， age-specific rate， cumulative rate(0～74 years old) were calculated. Age-standardized rates were adjusted by Chinese standard population in 2000(ASRC) and Segi’s world standard population(ASRW). ［Results］The crude cancer incidence rate in Hunan cancer registration areas was 327.51/105； the ASIRC and ASIRW were 211.19/105 and 205.13/105， respectively， with the cumulative incidence rate(0～74 years old) of 23.19%. The incidence was 349.21/105 in male and 304.61/105 in female. In urban areas， the crude incidence rate， ASIRC， ASIRW and the cumulative incidence rate(0～74 years old) were 397.56/105， 277.55/105， 273.56/105 and 30.41%， respectively. In rural areas， the crude incidence rate， ASIRC， ASIRW and the cumulative incidence rate(0～74 years old) were 300.96/105，191.66/105， 185.67/105 and 20.98%， respectively. The 5 most common cancers in male were lung cancer， colorectal cancer， liver cancer， gastric cancer and oral cancer， while those in female were breast cancer， lung cancer， cervical cancer， colorectal cancer and thyroid cancer. The cancer crude mortality rate in Hunan cancer registration areas in 2019 was 168.51/105； the ASＭRC and ASＭRW were 98.67/105 and 97.90/105， respectively， with the cumulative mortality rate(0～74 years old) of 11.22%. The crude mortality rate was 213.14/105 in male and 121.44/105 in female. In urban areas， the crude mortality rate， ASMRC， ASＭRＷ and the cumulative mortality rate (0～74 years old) were 184.89/105， 121.16/105， 121.03/105 and 13.14%， respectively. In rural areas， the crude mortality rate， ASMRC， ASＭRＷ and the cumulative mortality rate(0～74 years old) were 162.30/105， 92.37/105， 91.27/105 and 10.65%， respectively. The 5 cancers with highest mortality in male were lung cancer， liver cancer， colorectal cancer， gastric cancer and esophageal cancer； while those in female were lung cancer， colorectal cancer， liver cancer， breast cancer and cervical cancer. The ASIRC， the cumulative incidence rate(0～74 years old) and the truncated incidence rate(35～64 years old) of cancer from 2015 to 2019 showed a significantly increasing trend with the APC of 10.7%， 9.6% and 11.2%， respectively(all P﹤0.05）. The ASMRC， the cumulative mortality rate(0～74 years old) and the truncated mortality rate(35～64 years old) of cancer were relatively stable（all P﹥0.05）. ［Conclusion］ Lung cancer， female breast cancer， colorectal cancer， cervical cancer， liver cancer， stomach cancer and prostate cancer are the cancers with high incidence and mortality in Hunan Province， which should be the priority for prevention and control. Meanwhile， attention also should be paid for cancers with rising incidence， like thyroid cancer in female and oral cancer in male. |
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