| 於坛春,林 琳,刘韫宁,等.基于GBD数据分析1990和2019年中国不同年龄人群恶性肿瘤死亡和伤残调整寿命年差异[J].中国肿瘤,2024,33(1):44-52. |
| 基于GBD数据分析1990和2019年中国不同年龄人群恶性肿瘤死亡和伤残调整寿命年差异 |
| Change of the Mortality and DALY of Malignant Tumors Among Different Age Groups in China Based on GBD Data in 1990 and 2019 |
| 投稿时间：2023-11-13 |
| DOI：10.11735/j.issn.1004-0242.2024.01.A007 |
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| 中文关键词: 恶性肿瘤 年龄 死亡率 疾病负担 中国 |
| 英文关键词:malignant tumors age mortality disease burden China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要：［目的］ 分析中国1990年和2019年不同年龄人群的主要恶性肿瘤的疾病负担和变化情况。［方法］ 基于2019年全球疾病负担研究数据库，分析中国不同年龄组人群1990年和2019年主要恶性肿瘤的死亡和伤残调整寿命年（disability-adjusted life years，DALY）变化，并利用贡献分解分析方法分析总人口增长、人口老龄化和年龄别死亡率变化对主要恶性肿瘤疾病负担的贡献。［结果］ 2019年中国人群恶性肿瘤死亡率和DALY率均随年龄增长而上升。与1990年相比，2019年80岁以下人群恶性肿瘤死亡率和DALY率均有下降，80岁及以上人群死亡率有升高。不同年龄人群主要恶性肿瘤死亡情况不同，1990年和2019年白血病均是15岁以下人群死亡的主要死亡原因，其次为脑及中枢神经肿瘤。2019年肺癌位居中国50岁及以上人群恶性肿瘤死亡首位。相比较于1990年，2019年肺癌的DALY率在70岁及以上人群中明显上升，结直肠癌的DALY率在15~69岁年龄段人群中明显上升。与1990年相比，恶性肿瘤死亡数增加86.1%，其中总人口的增长贡献20.2%，人口老龄化贡献了114.2%，而年龄别死亡率降低减少了48.3%；2019年恶性肿瘤DALY数上升了49.6%，其中总人口增加贡献了20.2%，人口老龄化贡献了83.7%，而年龄别DALY率降低减少了54.3%。人口老龄化对前列腺癌、膀胱癌死亡数和DALY数上升的作用最明显，年龄别死亡率降低对肝癌死亡数和DALY数的下降作用最为明显。［结论］ 1990年至2019年中国不同年龄恶性肿瘤的死亡和疾病负担整体在下降，但是人口老龄化加重仍带来部分恶性肿瘤的疾病负担增加。应有针对性地实施恶性肿瘤防治措施。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract： ［Purpose］ To analyze the changes of disease burden of malignant tumors among different age groups in China in 1990 and 2019. ［Methods］ Data of cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life years(DALY) in China were obtained from Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019). The contribution of the changes of total population growth， population aging and age-specific mortality to the disease burden of major cancers was analyzed using the contribution decomposition analysis method. ［Results］ In 2019， the overall mortality and DALY rates of malignant tumors in China increased with age. Compared with 1990， the mortality and DALY rates of people under 80 years old in 2019 decreased， while the mortality rate of people aged 80 years old and above increased. In 1990 and 2019， leukemia was the main cause of death in people under 15 years old， followed by brain and central nervous cancer. In 2019， lung cancer ranked the first among all cancer deaths in people over 50 years old. Compared with 1990， the DALY rate of lung cancer increased significantly in 2019 among people aged 70 years old and above， and the DALY rate of colorectal cancer increased significantly among people aged 15 to 69 years old. Compared with 1990， the number of cancer deaths increased by 86.1%， where the total population growth contributed 20.2%， the aging of population contributed 114.2%， and the age-specific mortality reduction contributed to 48.3% of its decrease. In 2019， the DALY of malignant tumors increased by 49.6%， of which the total population growth contributed by 20.2%， and the aging of population contributed by 83.7%， while the age-specific DALY rate reduction contributed 54.3% of its decrease. Population aging had the most significant effect on the increase of mortality of prostate cancer and bladder cancer， and DALY， while the decrease of age-specific mortality had the most significant effect on the decrease of liver cancer deaths and DALY. ［Conclusion］ From 1990 to 2019， the death and disease burden of malignant tumors in China decreased， but population aging increased the disease burden of some cancers. Targeted cancer prevention and control measures should be implemented. |
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